NEGLIGÊNCIA GRAVE: A FALTA DA EXACTA DILIGENTIA

Clayton Reis; Irene Portela

doi:10.12662/2447-6641oj.v18i29.p285-317.2020

Authors

Clayton Reis Centro Universitário de Maringá, Mestrado em Ciências Jurídicas. Cesumar - Centro Universitário de Maringá https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-2392
Irene Portela Instituto Politécnico do Cavado e do Ave, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Universidade do Minho http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-2200

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12662/2447-6641oj.v18i29.p285-317.2020

Keywords:

Negligence, Tort, Effects, Magna culpa dolo est

Abstract

Objective: The proposal of the present research focuses on the analysis of tort in the negligence modality, as it understands that it is a serious conduct of the agent, resulting from an inadequate and inattentive procedure in view of the living reality. Negligence, considered as a type of tort, indicates omission, disregard, malpractice, inattention, nonchalance, and lack of care of the agent, causes damages that could be avoided, due to its foreseeable character, if it weren't for the detachment of the agent regarding the real-life situation.

Methodology: The present investigation is based on the hypothetical-deductive method, by way of research of doctrine, legislation and jurisprudence, through the reading of books, scientific articles and legal diplomas that deal with the topic.

Results: The lack of care goes beyond the limits of the agent's necessary conduct in the legal order, which the jurist qualifies as absolute neglect; a real lack of love and solidarity of the agent. The effects of this gross negligence cause major damages for the victim, with the consequent liability of the agent that acted in disregard with the primary principles of vigilance and caution to avoid the undesired harm. The research carried out before the Superior Court of Justice shows numerous situations in which the agent's negligent posture produced significant damage, a large part of which is irreversible in nature. It is extremely reasonable that some jurisconsults, among them Pontes de Miranda, place serious negligence alongside deception. The agent's lack of care is so extreme that one proceeded as if intended to do the damage. This absence of affection, attention and care qualifies the person who is not prepared to live in the social environment. The agent becomes a human being disconnected from the social facts present in all segments of community life; subject the integrity of people and the values of society to risk situations, subverting them through their reasonless behavior. Therefore, negligence, in its great form, identifies a serious fault that produces significant and irreversible damage, constituting one of the forms of fault with harmful effects most repelled by the legal system. Contemporary society needs peace and trust in conscious and responsible citizens, who contribute to building a just, ethical and human community.

Author Biographies

Clayton Reis, Centro Universitário de Maringá, Mestrado em Ciências Jurídicas. Cesumar - Centro Universitário de Maringá

Magistrado aposentado do TJPR. Pós-Doutor pela Universidade Central de Lisboa. Doutor e Mestre em Direito pela UFPR. Especialista em Responsabilidade Civil pela UEM. Professor Adjunto IV aposentado da UEM. Professor do Curso de Doutorado e Mestrado em Direito da UNICURITIBA. Professor da graduação da Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná. Professor da Escola da Magistratura do Paraná. Membro fundador da APLJ - Academia Paranaense de Letras Jurídicas do Paraná. Membro do IAP - Instituto dos Advogados do Paraná. Membro do IBERC - Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos de Responsabilidade Civil. Parecerista e advogado em Curitiba, Estado do Paraná

Irene Portela, Instituto Politécnico do Cavado e do Ave, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Universidade do Minho

Doutora em Direito Constitucional pelo departamento de Direito Público e Teoria do Estado, pela Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Mestre em Administração Pública, pela Universidade do Minho. Pós-graduada em Direito da Comunicação, pelo Instituto Jurídico da Comunicação, Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra. Exerce vários cargos na Escola Superior de Gestão do IPCA, tendo sido até à data a docente responsável pela Unidade Curricular de Direito Constitucional e de Direitos Fundamentais, aos cursos de Solicitadoria e de Fiscalidade.